Salāmat-i ijtimā̒ī (May 2017)
Investigation the Moderator Role of Conscientiousness in Related to Effect of Socioeconomic Status, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and Agreeableness on Substance, Alcohol, and tobacco Use
Abstract
Background: Addiction has negative consequences on addicted person and his/her family members. The goal of pThe relationship between personality traits and socioeconomic status with substance use has been shown in a variety of studies. However, it is little known about the mechanisms of this relationship and variables may effect this relationship. Therefore, the present study investigated in frame of a model the moderator role of conscientiousness in related to effect of socioeconomic status, neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness on Substance, Alcohol, and tobacco Use. Materials and methods: Current study is analytical- cross sectional and regarding to data gathering and analysis methods was conducted in correlational way. The number of 300 (124 mal and 176 female) students were selected through available sampling from Kharazmi university and were assessed employing NEO Personality Questionnaire and researcher made Questionnaires on socioeconomic status and substance use. Data were analyzed based on the path analysis and using 8.8 vesion of Lisrel software. Results: Result showed that conscientiousness had significant positive relationship with extraversion (r=0.46, P<0.01), openness to experience (r=0.14, P<0.05), and agreeableness (r=0.20, P<0.01), and significant negative relationship with neuroticism (r=-0.35, P<0.01), socioeconomic status (r=-0.18, P<0.01), and substance use (r=- 0.17, P<0.01). Moreover, sugested model for investigating the moderator role of conscientiousness in related to effect of socioeconomic status, neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness on substance use had excellent fitness (RMSEA=0.04, CFI=0.99, NFI=0.99, GFI=0.99, AGFI=0.96) with data. Conclusion: The findings showed that personality traits and socioeconomic status, either directly or indirectly, affected the substance use. In this domain the role of conscientiousness is more prominent because not only mediates the effect of variables with a negative effect on substance use (such as extroversion), also moderates the effect of variables with a positive effect on substance use (such as socioeconomic status).
