Healing Properties of Apamarga Kshara (Achyranthes aspera) in Ayurvedic Medicine: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Apamarga Kshara is a traditional Ayurvedic powder formulation composed of the herb Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera) and processed alkaline materials. It is renowned in Ayurveda for its therapeutic properties and is used in various medicinal preparations to treat a range of health conditions. This blend holds promise in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported healing properties. A comprehensive analysis can shed light on its effectiveness and applications in holistic healthcare. ‘Kshara’ pertains to both ‘Paka’ (preparation) and ‘Vidhi’ (application). Its effectiveness among the sharper and auxiliary instruments is notable, as caustic alkali facilitates excision, incision, and scarification, helping to balance the three doshas and serving specific medical functions. Among the parasurgical techniques, Agni (cauterisation), Kshara (caustic alkali), and Jalauka (leeches) are all significant. However, Kshara is the most prominent because procedures such as excision and incision cannot be achieved with Agni and Jalauka. It is particularly used for targeted treatments, such as in the case of Arsha caused by Pitta dosha. The objective of present review is to compile data on the primary phytochemicals present in Apamarga Kshara and its pharmacological effects. Kshara, an Ayurvedic concoction featuring Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera) and processed alkaline substances, underscores its significance in Ayurvedic healing. The approach taken in present review involves a detailed analysis of the Sushruta Samhita. Acharya Sushruta detailed the properties of Apamarga Kshara, including its abilities to cut (Chedan), pierce (Bhedan), scrape (Lekhan), dry (Shoshan), and balance the three Doshas. Apamarga Kshar is particularly effective in managing digestive disorders, skin conditions, and urinary tract infections due to its ability to neutralise excess acidity and support detoxification. The preparation involves processing the ash of the plant with specific alkaline substances, resulting in a powerful remedy with diverse medicinal applications. Apamarga Kshar is particularly effective in managing digestive disorders, skin conditions, and urinary tract infections due to its ability to neutralise excess acidity and support detoxification.

Keywords

• chemical
• dietary phytochemical
• plant bioactive compounds
• plant-derived
• phytonutrient