Problems of cattle health improvement and protection of population against viral diarrhoea under current conditions of animal husbandry

Abstract

The article presents the dynamics of the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in livestock enterprises of the Ural region in the period 2018-2023. Retrospective and operational analysis of monitoring data showed that the epizootic situation was consistently tense. The share of unfavourable livestock enterprises ranged from 18.2% to 33.3%. The cumulative infection rate in different age groups of cattle ranged from 2.3% to 23.3%. Clinical symptoms of acute course of BVDV-infection in examined cattle were registered in 10.9% of cases; persistent form of BVDV-infection - in 16.5% of cases; subclinical course of BVDV-infection and latent form - in 73.6% of cases. Phylogenetic analysis of BVDV isolates obtained from animal biosamples showed that 81.8% of isolates belong to the Cp-biotype of BVDV, 18.2% of isolates - to the Ncpbiotype of BVDV. It has been established that the intensity of pathogen eradication decreases in livestock enterprises when the regulations of specific prophylaxis are violated, as evidenced by the increase in the number of animals carrying BVDV by 4%; calves with diseases caused by BVDV infection - by 2.5%; cows and heifers with reproductive losses - by 5.7%.