Mondor's disease of the breast: A cutaneous thromboembolic manifestation of Covid-19?

Abstract

Background: Mondor's disease is a rare disorder characterised by thrombosis of superficial veins within the subcutaneous tissue of the breast and other organs. While factors such as trauma, infection, physical exertion, breast cancer and breast surgery have been implicated, in the majority no cause is identified. Patients: Twenty patients presented with a clinical diagnosis of Mondor's disease to the Edinburgh Breast Services in 2020. We present the etiopathogenic data as well as clinical and imaging diagnostic findings. Results: During 2020, the annual incidence of Mondor's disease, in the UK's largest breast unit, increased five-fold compared to data from the previous year. This variation in the frequency of cases corresponded to trends in the frequency of Covid-19 infection during the pandemic. None of the patients had diagnosed COVID and few had any known etiopathogenic causes for their Mondor's. Conclusion: Several recent studies have provided evidence for links between Covid-19 and thromboembolic events. Isolated reports have proposed a link between Covid-19 and Mondor's disease of the penis. Here we present data on a large series of Mondor's disease of the breast supporting a link between breast Mondor's and Covid-19.