Contribution of Glycation and Oxidative Stress to Thyroid Gland Pathology—A Pilot Study
Aleksandra Kuzan,
Emilia Królewicz,
Karolina Nowakowska,
Kamilla Stach,
Krzysztof Kaliszewski,
Paweł Domosławski,
Łukasz Kotyra,
Andrzej Gamian,
Irena Kustrzeba-Wójcicka
Affiliations
Aleksandra Kuzan
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
Emilia Królewicz
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
Karolina Nowakowska
Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 66, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland
Kamilla Stach
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
Krzysztof Kaliszewski
Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Paweł Domosławski
Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Łukasz Kotyra
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
Andrzej Gamian
Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
Irena Kustrzeba-Wójcicka
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
The patho-mechanism of changes in the thyroid gland, including carcinogenesis, is a complex process, which involves oxidative stress. The goal of our investigation was to verify the extent of stress in the thyroid gland related to glycation. The study samples were comprised of blood sera, thyroid, and adipose tissue sections probed from 37 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancers and goiter. Using immuno-enzymatic and fluorometric assays we analyzed the content of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), pentosidine, receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), scavenger receptor class (SR)-A, SR-B, glutathione, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide synthase. In addition to classic AGEs, a recent study detected the melibiose-derived glycation (MAGE) product. We demonstrated the presence of AGEs, MAGE and their receptors of the RAGE and SR-A. In addition, in the control samples of thyroid glands SR-B groups were detected as well as of pathological groups without noticeable tendency to antigen concentration in the area of carcinogenesis. Fluorescent AGEs correlate positively with glutathione, which supports the assumption that glycation stress leads to augmentation of oxidative stress and increase of the intensity of antioxidant mechanisms.
