Bartonella endocarditis in patients with right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit: 2 case reports and literature review
Haripriya Santhanam,
Minh H.N. Nguyen,
Nirmal Muthukumarasamy,
Aditya Mehta,
Michael T. Francisco,
Robin R. Fountain,
Nicholas J. Helmstetter
Affiliations
Haripriya Santhanam
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA; Correspondence to: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Drive, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA.
Minh H.N. Nguyen
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA; Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
Nirmal Muthukumarasamy
Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
Aditya Mehta
Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
Michael T. Francisco
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
Robin R. Fountain
Bronson Methodist Hospital, Pediatric Cardiology, 601 John St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA
Nicholas J. Helmstetter
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA; Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Dr, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
Bartonella species are Gram-negative bacilli and fastidious bacteria that can cause a number of clinical syndromes, including blood culture-negative infective endocarditis (IE). The two most commonly isolated species in humans are Bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever, and Bartonella henselae, mostly known for causing cat scratch disease (Edouard et al., 2015 [1]; Edouard and Raoult, 2010 [2]). Both species also cause bacillary angiomatosis, primarily in immunocompromised patients (Edouard et al., 2015 [1]; Fournier et al., 2001 [3]). The risk of B. henselae IE is increased in patients with cardiac valvular disease and congenital heart disease (CHD) (Edouard and Raoult, 2010 [2]; Das et al., 2009 [4]; Abandeh et al., 2012 [5]; Ouellette et al., 2016 [6]; Hoffman et al., 2007 [7]; Georgievskaya et al., 2014 [8]). In this article, we detail two cases of Bartonella IE in patients with right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduits who presented to our institution. We also perform a literature review on Bartonella IE in patients with a history of RV-PA conduit or pulmonary valve replacement.
