Analysis of antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants
Abstract
The data on medicinal plants with antimicrobial properties are reviewed. The study has been carried out on their ability to exhibit antimicrobial and deodorizing effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Echerihia coli, and the feasibility of developing a disinfectant based on tormenta, kalgan, cranberry and vivicle. The antimicrobial effect of these ethanol 40 % tinctures on a plant basis has been established. Among the investigated extracts, the most pronounced effect of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. is caused by the death of Staphylococcus aureus with a growth delay of 26 ± 1.7 mm, and Echerihia coli with a growth delay of 29 ± 0.5. The tincture made from Potentilla erecta rhizomata has antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of growth retardation of 29 ± 2.1 mm and Echerihia coli 27 ± 0.7 mm. Symphytum officinale also has a pronounced antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus to 24 ± 1.7 mm, and Echerihia coli – 17 ± 0.3 mm. The ethanol extract made on the basis of Geranium had the least detrimental effect. The obtained results provide an opportunity for further study of the pharmacological properties of these medicinal plants and the development of a disinfectant based on them. Potentilla erecta rhizomata, a perennial herbaceous plant of the rose family, has attracted significant interest as valuable medicinal raw material due to its high levels of tannins, triterpenoids, tormentosides, and astringent compounds found in its rhizomes and other valuable organic compounds. Preparations based on tormentil provide bactericidal, bitter, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, and choleretic effects. Symphytum officinale, a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the borage family, has numerous beneficial components in its root, such as alkaloids, allantoin, amino acids, tannins, gallic acid, and digallic acid, among others. The shoots and leaves contain protein, fiber, fat, non-nitrogenous, and extractive substances. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L is a genus of evergreen, stiff-leaved shrubs in the heath family. The main active compounds are phenolic compounds. Infusions and decoctions of bearberry shoots and leaves exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic effects. Geranium is a plant species of the Geranium genus in the Geraniaceae family. The plant contains essential oil, flavonoids, carvacrol, borneol, and tannins. Preparations based on geranium have antibacterial, hypotensive, anticonvulsant, and sedative properties. Since the investigated plants contain a large number of diverse bioactive substances with antibacterial properties, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of ethanolic extracts on Staphylococcus aureus, a conditionally pathogenic microorganism causing staphylococcal infections, and Escherichia coli, one of the main types of bacteria residing in the lower parts of the mammalian intestine, collectively known as intestinal flora.
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