Overview of the history and international experience in the development of transport and logistics centers

Abstract

This article examines the history and international experience of creating and functioning of transport and logistics infrastructure facilities - transport and logistics centers in Europe, the USA, and Asian countries, and identifies specific features and directions of further development. The concept of "transport and logistics center" is characterized, which takes into account the peculiarities of its structure, management, and functioning formed by the European Association of Transport and Logistics Centers. For the first time the ideology of creating a large logistics complex dates back to 1960, when in France (near Paris) at the initiative of the state in cooperation with local authorities and private companies were established two specialized logistics centers "Garonor" and "Sogaris". In accordance with the objectives of the functioning of transport and logistics centers, the main components of the class of transport and logistics centers are determined by their presence or absence. This article presents the classification of transport and logistics centers for the following features: integration of main modes of transport; capacity of vantage processing, space, occupied territory and the complexity of the transport and logistics services provided by the cluster; scale and administrative level of the area, which is served by the nature of specialization of terminals in the transport and logistics center and the degree of integration with enterprises and industries, trade, etc. Regardless of the diversity of types of transport and logistics centers, shows the main general features of all transport and logistics centers, as a complex system, which includes several subsystems, integrated links, due to which it is able to perform logistical functions. Since existing scientific research is not enough to improve the state of methodological support of the process of creating transport-logistic infrastructure relevance of conducting research into the creation of the methodological basis of support of the processes of creation and functioning of transport-logistic centers.

Keywords

• transport and logistics center, transport potential, transport and logistics infrastructure