POSSIBILITIES FOR OPTICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MUSCULAR-NONINVASIVE BLADDER CANCER

Abstract

This article provides a critical overview of the methods of optical diagnosis of muscular and non-invasive bladder cancer (BC), describes the technologies available so far, their advantages and disadvantages, and reviews the assessment of their effectiveness, both clinical and economic. The results are based on the work of leading scientific societies, such as the European Association of Urology (EAU), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of cancer (EORTC), Сlinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (Croes), etc.

Keywords

• urinary bladder
• muscular noninvasive cancer
• optical diagnostics.