Theoretical basis of ensuring the banking security of the state

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of ensuring the banking security of the state. The author identifies the debatability of scientific approaches regarding the interpretation of banking security, its place in the system of economic and financial security, which actualizes the issue of creating a mechanism for its provision, detailing threats to the functioning of banking institutions, developing directions for the development of the banking security system in the conditions of wartime and post-war recovery. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to evaluate scientific approaches to the definition of banking security in order to clarify the theoretical foundations of its provision in modern conditions and to identify the main categories in this subject area. The presence of the following types of interpretation of banking security in scientific sources was determined: 1) financial and economic security of banks; 2) security for banks; 3) security of banking activity; 4) banking security; 5) security of the bank as an organization; security of bank personnel; security of banking operations; 6) financial security of a commercial bank. As a result of the decomposition analysis, the concept of «banking security» was specified (a type of financial security, which is preventive measures aimed at preventing the implementation of internal and external threats that negatively affect the financial condition of the banking system as a whole (macro level) and banking institutions (micro level) on the basis of a combination of system, subject and process approaches. The use of a system approach to banking security has the following advantages: it allows to direct scientific research to the identification of the place of banking security as a separate species in the financial security system; to present banking security as a separate system based on the formalization of its elements and determining the relationship between them; to determine the systemic effect of the functioning of the banking security system, which can be obtained as a result of the interaction of its individual elements. The process approach focuses on the identification of measures that contribute to the prevention of specified threats to the activity of subjects. The use of a process approach to the study of banking security has a number of the following advantages: the opportunity to form regulatory measures of the state to prevent or reduce the impact of destabilizing factors of the external environment on the functioning of the banking system; the possibility of developing the tools of macroprudential regulation of the banking sector; the possibility of improving the financial management system of individual banking institutions. The advantages of applying the subject approach to the study of banking security issues is the possibility of a detailed study of the impact of individual threats to banking security in terms of identified subjects (banking institution, staff, owners, partners, the banking system as a whole). Prospects for further scientific research should be connected with the construction of a mechanism for ensuring banking security using the proposed methodology.

Keywords

• banking security
• financial security
• mechanism for ensuring banking security
• system approach