Česká Stomatologie a Praktické Zubní Lékařství (Dec 2015)

Poor Dental Health as a Risk Faktor for Preterm Low Birth Weight Delivery

  • H. Hecová,
  • J. Stehlíková,
  • M. Chalupová

DOI
https://doi.org/10.51479/cspzl.2015.015
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 115, no. 4
pp. 82 – 88

Abstract

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Introduction and aims: Poor dental health and chronic periodontitis may be an independent risk factor for pregnancy or delivery complications. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare dental health status of pregnant women with risk and physiologic pregnancy and of low-birth-weight baby's mothers. Materials and methods: The study included 81 pregnant women in the third trimester (group A), 30 mothers (child birth weight ≤ 1500 g) (group B) and 61 women with a physiologic pregnancy (group C).The age, general health status, DMFT, CPI, PBI indices and the need of dental treatment have been recorded in all women. Results: The average age of women with risk pregnancy was 34.7 years. The average age of women in both groups (B and C) was 32 years. The average value of DMF amounted to 11.3, 11.6 and 12.8 in women of C, B and A groups respectively. Untreated caries occurred in 107 women [62 women with risk pregnancy (76.5%), 13 mothers (34.2%) and 32 women with physiologic pregnancy (52.5%)]. The women with a physiologic pregnancy had significantly lower PBI score than women in groups A and B (p = 0.0194, p= 0.0199). The need of hygienic briefing and periodontal treatment (CPI ≥ 1) was found totally in 178 women [81 women (100%) with risk pregnancy, 37 mothers (97.4%) and 60 women (98%) with a physiologic pregnancy]. Periodontal pockets 3.5-5.5 mm (CPI = 3) were found in 28 women [16 women (19.75%) with risk pregnancy, six mothers (15.79%) and six women (9.84%) with physiologic pregnancy]. Three women had periodontal pockets deeper than 5.5 mm, two of them were those with risk pregnancy (2.47%) and one with physiologic pregnancy (1.64%). Periodontal pockets were detected in only 10 of 52 women, that delivered low-birth-weight babies. Conclusion: The study has not confirmed influence periodontal pockets on the preterm delivery but confirmed the need of increased attention to periodontal tissues and oral hygiene during preventive dental appointments in pregnant women.

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