Rocznik Andragogiczny (Apr 2018)
Repeated and multiple victimization as an andragogical dimension of the personal experiences of the female victims of violence
Abstract
The issue of violent experiences and actually the consequences of these events is discussed in different contexts. One of the most important issues is to indicate lifetime stock consequences of these experiences which can appear in women who have committed murder for a life partner, and revealing in the form of personality problems manifest themselves in the form of low self-esteem, guilt, anxiety, depression, suspicion, loss of hope, emotional numbness, a sense of stigma and problems in interactions with other people. Change of identity is usually accompanied by state of learned helplessness limiting the possibility of escaping from the traumatic relationship. The main objective of the study was to analyze the consequences of violence experienced by women, and in particular an indication of the specifics of the formation of the process of revictimization and multiple and the effects that this process produces in the course of their lives affecting the self-creation and definition of the identity of the victim. The study used the method of searching secondary sources. The process of victimization is initiated traumatic experiences usually to violent character. The study has been characterized have consequences that are involving the victims through the successive phases of the process and the revictimization of the original. They cause a deeper change of identity, which turn out to be, in most cases the changes irreversible. Victims are experiencing symptoms of the syndrome of learned helplessness syndrome whipped his wife, the effect of psychological traps or Stockholm syndrome. Have been described as defense mechanisms characteristic of the victims, which block the ability to defend against traumatic experiences. Often, the inevitable result is alternating identification, during which the victim comes to the role of the perpetrator.
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