Correlation between baseline echographic features of endophthalmitis, microbiological isolates, and visual outcomes

Abstract

Aleksandra V Rachitskaya, Harry W Flynn Jr, Yale L Fisher, Bernadete Ayres Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the baseline echographic features in culture-positive and culture-negative endophthalmitis and to correlate these echographic features with final visual outcomes. Methods: We identified a retrospective noncomparative case series of patients with a clinical diagnosis of endophthalmitis and a baseline echographic examination between 1996 and 2010 at a single institution. Graded echographic features studied included: dense, moderate, and mild vitreous opacities; marked, moderate, and mild vitreous membranes; retinal detachment; and choroidal detachment. These were compared between culture-negative, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and other culture-positive cases of endophthalmitis, and were correlated with final visual outcomes. Results: Of 149 patients reviewed, 60 were culture-negative, 26 grew coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 60 grew other culture-positive species. Three had multiple culture isolates. The presence of dense, moderate, and mild vitreous opacities, marked, moderate, and mild vitreous membranes, retinal detachment, and choroidal detachment was not significantly different between the three groups (P = 0.86, P = 0.56, P = 0.34, P = 0.45, respectively). The presence of advanced echographic features of dense vitreous opacities, marked vitreous membranes, retinal detachment, and choroidal detachment was correlated with poorer visual acuity outcomes (P = 0.005, P = 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: No correlation could be made between echographic features and the organism. The presence of advanced echographic features, such as dense vitreous opacities, marked vitreous membranes, retinal detachment, and choroidal detachment, was correlated with worse visual outcomes. Keywords: endophthalmitis, echography, retina, ultrasound