Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress Responses of Scallop to PST-Producing Algae and a Candidate Biomarker for PST Monitoring

Xiangchao Zhang; Xiaogang Xun; Deting Meng; Moli Li; Lirong Chang; Jiaoxia Shi; Wei Ding; Yue Sun; Huizhen Wang; Zhenmin Bao; Xiaoli Hu

doi:10.3390/antiox12061150

Antioxidants (May 2023)

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress Responses of Scallop to PST-Producing Algae and a Candidate Biomarker for PST Monitoring

Xiangchao Zhang,
Xiaogang Xun,
Deting Meng,
Moli Li,
Lirong Chang,
Jiaoxia Shi,
Wei Ding,
Yue Sun,
Huizhen Wang,
Zhenmin Bao,
Xiaoli Hu

Affiliations

Xiangchao Zhang: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Xiaogang Xun: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Deting Meng: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Moli Li: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Lirong Chang: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Jiaoxia Shi: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Wei Ding: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Yue Sun: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Huizhen Wang: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Zhenmin Bao: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Xiaoli Hu: MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12061150
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 12, no. 6
p. 1150

Abstract

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Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) could be accumulated in bivalves and cause safety problems. To protect public health, bivalves are examined for PST contamination before entering the market, usually by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the lab, which needs PST standards not all available and is time-consuming for large sample sizes. To detect PST toxicity in bivalves rapidly and sensitively, a biomarker gene is highly demanded, but the related study is very limited. In this study, we fed a commercially important bivalve, Patinopecten yessoensis, with the PST-producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. After 1, 3, and 5 days of exposure, both PST concentrations and toxicity levels in the digestive gland continuously increased. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in oxidation-reduction process, which included the cytochrome P450 genes (CYPs), type I iodothyronine deiodinase (IOD1s), peroxidasin (PXDN), and acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) at day 1 and a superoxide dismutase (SOD) at day 5, highlighting the crucial roles of these genes in response to oxidative stress induced by PST. Among the 33 continuously upregulated genes, five showed a significant correlation between gene expression and PST concentration, with the highest correlation present in PyC1QL4-1, the gene encoding Complement C1Q-like protein 4, C1QL4. In addition, the correlation between PyC1QL4-1 expression and PST toxicity was also the highest. Further analysis in another aquaculture scallop (Chlamys farreri) indicated that the expression of CfC1QL4-1, the homolog of PyC1QL4-1, also exhibited significant correlations with both PST toxicity and concentration. Our results reveal the gene expression responses of scallop digestive glands to PST-producing algae and indicate that the C1QL4-1 gene might be a potential biomarker for PST monitoring in scallops, which may provide a convenient way for the early warning and sensitive detection of PST contamination in the bivalves.

Published in Antioxidants

ISSN: 2076-3921 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine: Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants

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