The emerging role of exosomes in innate immunity, diagnosis and therapy

Prakash Gangadaran; Prakash Gangadaran; Harishkumar Madhyastha; Radha Madhyastha; Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran; Yuichi Nakajima; Nozomi Watanabe; Anoop Kumar G. Velikkakath; Chae Moon Hong; Rahul Velikkakath Gopi; Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukalianan; Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan; Madhan Jeyaraman; Byeong-Cheol Ahn; Byeong-Cheol Ahn

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085057

Frontiers in Immunology (Jan 2023)

The emerging role of exosomes in innate immunity, diagnosis and therapy

Prakash Gangadaran,
Prakash Gangadaran,
Harishkumar Madhyastha,
Radha Madhyastha,
Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran,
Yuichi Nakajima,
Nozomi Watanabe,
Anoop Kumar G. Velikkakath,
Chae Moon Hong,
Rahul Velikkakath Gopi,
Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukalianan,
Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan,
Madhan Jeyaraman,
Byeong-Cheol Ahn,
Byeong-Cheol Ahn

Affiliations

Prakash Gangadaran: BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Prakash Gangadaran: Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Harishkumar Madhyastha: Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Radha Madhyastha: Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran: Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Yuichi Nakajima: Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Nozomi Watanabe: Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Anoop Kumar G. Velikkakath: Center for System Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
Chae Moon Hong: Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Rahul Velikkakath Gopi: Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration Technologies, Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukalianan: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
Madhan Jeyaraman: Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Byeong-Cheol Ahn: BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Byeong-Cheol Ahn: Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085057
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 13

Abstract

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Exosomes, which are nano-sized transport bio-vehicles, play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis by exchanging genetic or metabolic information between different cells. Exosomes can also play a vital role in transferring virulent factors between the host and parasite, thereby regulating host gene expression and the immune interphase. The association of inflammation with disease development and the potential of exosomes to enhance or mitigate inflammatory pathways support the notion that exosomes have the potential to alter the course of a disease. Clinical trials exploring the role of exosomes in cancer, osteoporosis, and renal, neurological, and pulmonary disorders are currently underway. Notably, the information available on the signatory efficacy of exosomes in immune-related disorders remains elusive and sporadic. In this review, we discuss immune cell-derived exosomes and their application in immunotherapy, including those against autoimmune connective tissue diseases. Further, we have elucidated our views on the major issues in immune-related pathophysiological processes. Therefore, the information presented in this review highlights the role of exosomes as promising strategies and clinical tools for immune regulation.

Published in Frontiers in Immunology

ISSN: 1664-3224 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Website: http://journal.frontiersin.org/journal/immunology

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