Diversité floristique et structure des peuplements à Borassus akeassii Bayton, Ouedraogo & Guinko (Arecaceae)

Abstract

Floristic diversity and structure of stands at Borassus akeassii : Case of Samba Dia Biosphere Reserve Samba Dia Biosphere Reserve is rich an important plant resources. These make it face many threats. The most targeted species by populations is the palm (Borassus akeassii). The present study aims to characterize the woody vegetation of the reserve in terms of flora and structure in order to develop sustainable management strategies. To do this, 216 plots were inventoried fenced and peripheral area. Data were processed by univariate analysis technique. The analysis revealed a rich flora of 46 species, 36 genera belonging to 21 families. The Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae and Combretaceae are the most represented families. Borassus aethiopum Mart represents 32.921% in fenced area and 64.293% peripheral area of species marking tree character of the stand with densities of 29 and 7 individuals ha-1 respectively. These low densities noted are inherent to anthropogenic pressure and unfavorable climatic conditions. However, horizontal structure fits better with the polynomial function with a predominance of young individuals in fenced area (302 ha-1 stems) and individuals of multiple ages in peripheral area (33 ha-1 stems). The proliferation of Combretaceae especially in the fenced area is a negative sign. To reverse the trend, it is necessary to put in place a simple management plan for the maintenance and conservation of biodiversity.

Keywords

• senegal
• biosphere reserve
• borassus akeassii
• periphery
• structure
• density