npj Antimicrobials and Resistance (Oct 2024)

Changing epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of bloodstream infections at a Vietnamese infectious diseases hospital (2010–2020)

  • Hoang Thu Trang Nguyen,
  • Vinh Chau,
  • Phu Huong Lan Nguyen,
  • Hong Duc Du,
  • Luong Nha Phuong Nguyen,
  • Thi Quynh Ngan Le,
  • Phuong Thao Huynh,
  • Thi Nguyen To Nguyen,
  • Thi Ngoc Dung Tran,
  • Vinh Phat Voong,
  • Thanh Tuyen Ha,
  • Pham Nhu Quynh Nguyen,
  • Stephen Baker,
  • Guy Thwaites,
  • Maia Rabaa,
  • Duy Thanh Pham

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s44259-024-00049-0
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 2, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract Bloodstream infection (BSI) poses a global health problem, with diverse organisms and rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Here, we characterized trends in BSI prevalence, AMR, and antibiotic use at a Vietnamese infectious diseases hospital from 2010 to 2020. Among 108,303 cultured blood samples, 8.8% were positive, yielding 7995 pathogens. Of 7553 BSI cases, 86.4% were community-acquired. BSI prevalence varied from 17 to 35 cases/1000 admissions/year, highest in HIV/hepatitis wards and patients >60. The in-hospital mortality or hospice discharge outcome was 21.3%. The top three pathogens, E. coli (24%), K. pneumoniae (8.7%) and S. aureus (8.5%) exhibited increasing prevalence and multidrug resistance. Pathogens like Cryptococcus neoformans (8.4%), Talaromyces marneffei (6.7%), and Salmonella enterica (6.5%) declined. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were prevalent in older adults with community-acquired BSIs. Antibiotic use reached 842.6 DOT/1000 PD and significantly reduced after an antibiotic control policy. Enhanced surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship are crucial for managing BSIs in Vietnam.