Production and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles in Cultures of the Cyanobacterium A. Platensis (Spirulina)

Abstract

The increasing application of Silver nanoparticles in biologically-relevant areas (including production of textiles, cosmetics, and biomedical devices), where their presence provides a continuous release of silver ions to provide protection against bacteria and other unwanted microbial contaminants urges adoption of intrinsically biologically safe production processes. Various species of cyanobacteria and algae have been known to absorb and take up heavy metal ions. This capability is shown also by Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina), a cyanobacterium that enjoys the Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) status and has been declared by WHO one among the greatest superfood. The present study aims at investigating the coupling between the recognised beneficial effects of Spirulina biomass to the antimicrobial activity of Ag nanoparticles (SNPs). In this work, Spirulina was grown in sequential cultures targeting biomass production and nanoparticle formation. The cultures were conditioned during their lifetime in order to assess the effect of pH and added polysaccharides on the size and on the stability of the obtained SNPs. The synthesized SNPs were characterized as to their size and stability (Nanosizer), composition (XRD) and structural aspect (Scanning Electron Microscope).