Trace level detection of melamine and cyanuric acid extracted from pet liquid food (milk) using a SERS Au nanogap substrate

Rahul Joshi; Samir Adhikari; Minjun Kim; Yudong Jang; Hyun Jung Min; Donghan Lee; Byoung-Kwan Cho

Current Research in Food Science (Jan 2024)

Trace level detection of melamine and cyanuric acid extracted from pet liquid food (milk) using a SERS Au nanogap substrate

Rahul Joshi,
Samir Adhikari,
Minjun Kim,
Yudong Jang,
Hyun Jung Min,
Donghan Lee,
Byoung-Kwan Cho

Affiliations

Rahul Joshi: Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
Samir Adhikari: Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
Minjun Kim: Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
Yudong Jang: Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
Hyun Jung Min: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, IN, 47907, USA
Donghan Lee: Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea; Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea; Corresponding author. Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.
Byoung-Kwan Cho: Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea; Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea; Corresponding author. Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 8
p. 100726

Abstract

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This study reported an application of Au nanogap substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements to quantitatively analyze melamine and its derivative products at trace levels in pet liquid food (milk) combined with a waveband selection approach, namely variable importance in projection (VIP). Six different concentrations of melamine, cyanuric acid, and melamine combined with cyanuric acid were created, and SERS spectra were acquired from 550 to 1620cm−1. Detection was possible up to 200 pM for melamine-contaminated samples, and 400 pM concentration detection for other two groups. The VIP-PLSR models obtained correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.997, 0.985, and 0.981, with root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values of 18.492 pM, 19.777 pM, and 15.124 pM for prediction datasets. Additionally, partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to classify both pure and different concentrations of spiked samples. The results showed that the maximum classification accuracy for melamine was 100%, for cyanuric acid it was 96%, and for melamine coupled with cyanuric acid it was 95%. The results obtained clearly demonstrated that the Au nanogap substrate offers low-concentration, rapid, and efficient detection of hazardous additive chemicals in pet consuming liquid food.

Published in Current Research in Food Science

ISSN: 2665-9271 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Technology: Home economics: Nutrition. Foods and food supply; Technology: Chemical technology: Food processing and manufacture
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/current-research-in-food-science

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