Assessing the diagnostic utility of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio as a potential biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

Abstract Background and aims Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) both have microcirculation dysfunction. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) is a biomarker for DN. We aimed to explore the links between DPN and UACR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 195 T2DM patients were defined as Control or DPN group. Clinical parameters were compared, and the association between HbA1c (or UACR) and DPN was analyzed. Risk factors for DPN were observed, and the diagnostic values of HbA1c and UACR were assessed. Results Compared with 104 participants without DPN, 91 individuals with DPN exhibited higher HbA1c and UACR levels. In all patients, increased HbA1c and UACR were identified as risk factors for DPN in individuals with T2DM. Moreover, increased HbA1c was a risk factor for DPN in volunteers without DN, whereas elevated UACR was determined as a risk factor for DPN in participants with DN. The cut-off point for HbA1c (7.65%) in patients without DN had a sensitivity of 86.0% and specificity of 44.6%, while the cut-off point for UACR (196.081 mg/g) in patients with DN had a sensitivity of 52.9% and specificity of 76.2%. Conclusion Elevated HbA1c and UACR levels are risk factors for DPN and may serve as potential biomarkers for DPN in T2DM patients.

Keywords

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
• Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio