Clinical Ophthalmology (Sep 2023)
Diagnosis and Management Strategies in Sclerochoroidal Calcification: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Ahmet Kaan Gündüz,1,2,* Diğdem Tetik1,* 1Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; 2Private Eye Clinic, Farilya Business Center 8/38, Ankara, 06510, Turkey*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ahmet Kaan Gündüz, Farilya Business Center 8/38, Ufuk Universitesi Cad, Çukurambar, Ankara, 06510, Turkey, Email [email protected]: Sclerochoroidal calcification (SCC) is a rare disease which is characterized by calcium deposition in the sclera. The choroid is secondarily involved. Typical localization is in the midperipheral region, outside the vascular arcades. SCC is mostly located in the superotemporal quadrant. Often times, the patients are referred with the diagnosis of an amelanotic tumor. SCC may be dystrophic or metastatic. Metastatic SCC lesions are associated with conditions altering calcium and phosphate metabolism including primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D intoxication, renal failure, hyperphosphatemia, and destructive bony lesions. SCC lesions have a characteristic appearance and appear as distinct, ill-defined, yellow-white, elevated scleral/choroidal masses funduscopically. The purpose of this literature review is to review the current knowledge on SCC, highlight the imaging features, and discuss the differential diagnosis as well as management options.Keywords: sclerochoroidal calcification, hyperparathyroidism, renal failure, ultrasonography, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography