Keystone rhizospheric diazotrophs may promote the pioneer plant growth in mine tailings
Yongbin Li,
Rui Yang,
Ajmal Khan,
Mohsen Soleimani,
Lifang Guo,
Xiaoxu Sun,
Baoqin Li,
Huaqing Liu,
Shenghua Jin,
Weimin Sun
Affiliations
Yongbin Li
Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
Rui Yang
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
Ajmal Khan
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
Mohsen Soleimani
Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
Lifang Guo
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
Xiaoxu Sun
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; Corresponding authors.
Baoqin Li
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
Huaqing Liu
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
Shenghua Jin
Shaanxi Environmental Survey and Assesment Center, Xi, an 710054, China
Weimin Sun
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 808 Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; Corresponding authors.
Nitrogen (N) shortage often hinders the bioremediation of mining-generated tailings. For pioneer plants living in mine tailings, biological N fixation (BNF) is an essential source of N. However, the diazotrophs in the rhizosphere of pioneer plants are rarely investigated. In this study, the pioneer plant Miscanthus sinensis samples were collected from four different tailings across Southwest China, and the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, multivariable statistical tools, 15N2 DNA-SIP, metagenomic-binning, cultural screening methods, and pot experiment were applied to analyze the roles of diazotrophs in rhizosphere of M. sinensis. Firstly, genera Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas were identified as keystone taxa in the rhizosphere of M. sinensis cultivated in the tailings. Furthermore, 15N2 DNA-SIP demonstrated that Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas were the rhizospheric diazotrophs. The metagenome-assembled genomes of Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas contained some genes involved in BNF, plant growth promotion, and metal(loid) resistance (As, Sb, Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Cd). Subsequent diazotrophic isolation was conducted, and two diazotrophic strains (Pseudomonas sp. R21 (nitrogenase activities, 1,161.9 nmol C2H4 mg−1 protein h−1) and Stenotrophomonas sp. R30 (1,890.2 nmol C2H4 mg−1 protein h−1)) were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of M. sinensis. Pot assay demonstrated that inoculation with Pseudomonas sp. R21 and Stenotrophomonas sp. R30 could promote plant growth, N content, and metal(loid) (arsenic and antimony) accumulation, which confirmed nitrogenase activity and plant growth-promoting ability of the two identified keystone taxa, highlighting the exciting opportunities of applying some keystone rhizospheric diazotrophs in the pioneer plants through microbiome manipulation for the bioremediation of tailings.
