Frontiers in Public Health (Jan 2024)

Association between multidrug-resistant bacteria and outcomes in intensive care unit patients: a non-interventional study

  • Alessandro Pacheco Silveira Martins,
  • Alessandro Pacheco Silveira Martins,
  • Camila Pacheco Silveira Martins da Mata,
  • Uener Ribeiro dos Santos,
  • César Augusto de Araújo,
  • Edna Marilea Meireiles Leite,
  • Luciana Debortoli de Carvalho,
  • Pedro Guatimosim Vidigal,
  • Pedro Guatimosim Vidigal,
  • Cristina Dutra Vieira,
  • Simone Gonçalves dos Santos-Key

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1297350
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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BackgroundIn intensive care units (ICUs), infections by multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms should be monitored to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).MethodsFrom 2018 to 2020, we investigated all medical records of patients admitted to the ICU of a public university hospital. All patients colonized/infected by MDR microorganisms and submitted to active surveillance cultures (ASCs) were included.Results and discussionMale patients prevailed, and 9.5% were positive for MDR bacteria. In-hospital deaths were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for older patients, patients with orotracheal tube use during previous and current hospitalization, and patients with high blood pressure, cardiac and pulmonary diseases, and chronic kidney disease. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae was the most frequently resistance profile, followed by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. The diagnosis or evolution of HAIs was statistically significant (p < 0.0001) for patients treated with meropenem and vancomycin, and in-hospital deaths occurred in 29.5% of patients using polypeptides while the use of macrolides reduced the odds for mortality. The BRADEN Scale demonstrated that 50% of the patients were at high risk of dying.ConclusionPatients hospitalized in the ICU, colonized or infected by MDR bacteria, using invasive medical devices, and with underlying medical conditions presented increased mortality rates. The prescription of meropenem and vancomycin should be carefully monitored once patients using these antimicrobials already have or develop an HAI.

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