Pterocarpus soyauxii (Fabaceae) aqueous extract to prevent neuropsychiatric disorders associated with menopause by triggering ROS-dependent oxidative damage and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, GABA-transaminase, and monoamine oxidase A: In vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches
Pascal Emmanuel Owona,
Yolande Sandrine Mengue Ngadena,
Danielle Claude Bilanda,
Madeleine Chantal Ngoungouré,
Lohik Mbolang Nguegan,
Ronald Bidingha A Goufani,
Rivaldo Bernes Kahou Tadah,
Michel Noubom,
Armand Fils Ella,
Yannick Carlos Tcheutchoua,
Bruno Dupon Ambamba Akamba,
Paule Cynthia Bouguem Yandja,
Paulin Keumedjio Teko,
Paul Desire Dzeufiet Djomeni,
Pierre Kamtchouing
Affiliations
Pascal Emmanuel Owona
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Yolande Sandrine Mengue Ngadena
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon; Neurosciences and psychogerontology axis, Laboratory of Development and Maldevelopment, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Letters, and Social Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 755 Yaoundé, Cameroon; Corresponding author. Neurosciences axis, Laboratory of Developmental and Maldevelopment Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Letters and Social Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 755 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Danielle Claude Bilanda
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Madeleine Chantal Ngoungouré
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Lohik Mbolang Nguegan
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Ronald Bidingha A Goufani
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Rivaldo Bernes Kahou Tadah
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Michel Noubom
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dschang, P.O. Box. 67, Dschang, Cameroon
Armand Fils Ella
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Yannick Carlos Tcheutchoua
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Bruno Dupon Ambamba Akamba
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Paule Cynthia Bouguem Yandja
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Paulin Keumedjio Teko
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Paul Desire Dzeufiet Djomeni
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Pierre Kamtchouing
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
Pterocarpus soyauxii (PS) is traditionally used in Cameroon medicine to alleviate postmenopausal symptoms. Previous research has shown that it has tissue-selective potential and estrogen-mimetic effects on vaginal atrophy. Phytoestrogens like 7-O-acetyl formononetin, khrinone A, and 3′,5′-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol were found in its water extract by UHPLC, but there is no evidence of its effects on neurological disorders linked to post-menopause (ND-PO). The study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile of PS aqueous extract, assess its neuroprotective potential in rats, and explore possible underlying pathways. We used colorimetric assays to study the phytochemical profile of PS extract. Effects of the extract on behavioral parameters, neuronal signaling, and integrity in an 84-day ovariectomized rat model. Molecular docking was performed to assess the ability of 7-O-acetyl formononetin, an isoflavone contained in PS, to cross the BBB and its binding affinity to the active sites of AChE, MAO-A, and GABA-T. Besides, the anti-AChE/BChE, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of PS were assessed by in vitro tests. PS aqueous extract contains polyphenols (656.58 ± 9.18 mgEAG/100gMS), flavonoids (201.25 ± 5.52 mgEQ/100gDW), and tannins (18.42 ± 1.25 mg/100gDW). It slows down anxiety, depressive disorders, cellular disorganization, and neuronal death in the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and neocortex. In silico modeling was a powerful tool to assess the 7-O-acetylformononetin's ability to cross the BBB and strongly bind and inhibit AChE, MAO-A, and GABA-T. Thus, by combining GABAergic, cholinergic, and serotoninergic modulation, PS aqueous extract also possesses remarkable anti-AChE/BChE in vitro and induces antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential in macrophages. Such estromimetics, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholinergic, and monoaminergic modulators represent promising activities to develop neuroprotective drugs with optimal therapeutic profiles for menopausal women.
