Structural and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitosan Obtained by UAE and Its Effect on the Growth Inhibition of <i>Pythium ultimum</i>
Héctor Martín-López,
Soledad Cecilia Pech-Cohuo,
Emanuel Herrera-Pool,
Nelly Medina-Torres,
Juan Carlos Cuevas-Bernardino,
Teresa Ayora-Talavera,
Hugo Espinosa-Andrews,
Ana Ramos-Díaz,
Stéphane Trombotto,
Neith Pacheco
Affiliations
Héctor Martín-López
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Soledad Cecilia Pech-Cohuo
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Emanuel Herrera-Pool
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Nelly Medina-Torres
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Juan Carlos Cuevas-Bernardino
CONACYT—Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC, Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Teresa Ayora-Talavera
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Hugo Espinosa-Andrews
CIATEJ Zapopan Unit, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019 Zapopan Jalisco, Mexico
Ana Ramos-Díaz
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
Stéphane Trombotto
Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), CNRS UMR 5223, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
Neith Pacheco
Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Designo f the State of Jalisco, AC Centro de, CIATEJ Southeast Unit, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Km 5.5. Carretera Sierra Papacal—Chuburná Puerto, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico
The objective of this work was the recovery of chitosan by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) from white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) chitin, and the physicochemical and structural characterization of the obtained biopolymer, as well as its antimicrobial effect on Pythium ultimum growth. A 23 factorial design was used to evaluate chitosan extraction conditions. Instrumental analysis techniques for chitosan characterization and radial growth inhibition, as an antifungal activity test, were performed. The ultrasonically extracted chitosan (UC) reached a yield of 86.96% with 100% solubility, a degree of deacetylation (DDA) >78%, molecular weight (MW) of 3.928 × 105 g mol−1, and a crystallinity index (Icr) of 87%, calculated through nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The inhibitory activity of the chitosan was evaluated against the oomycete Pythium ultimum, observing a 93% radial inhibition over 24 h. UAE proved to be an excellent alternative to the conventional deacetylation, reducing reaction time and obtaining a UC with higher MW and (Icr) than the commercial one, which could potentiate its applications.
