Diabetes risk score for identifying cardiometabolic risk factors in adult Bangladeshi population

Abstract

Context: Simple non-invasive tools to identify high-risk individuals would facilitate screening of cardiometabolic diseases as well as diabetes. Aims: (1) To estimate variations in Bangladesh diabetes risk score (BDRS) according to stages of glucose intolerance, (2) to examine the usefulness of BDRS for identifying metabolic syndrome (MS), dyslipidaemia and 10-year risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in people with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Subjects and Methods: Data were taken from a randomised cross-sectional study of 2293 patients in a rural community of Bangladesh in 2009, based on questionnaire interviews, anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples and oral glucose tolerance test. The BDRS includes age, sex, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and hypertension (HTN). Spearman correlation and logistic regression were done to assess the relationship between BDRS and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: The mean BDRS increased significantly with higher glucose intolerance (P for trend < 0.001). Among NGT group, the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors increased progressively from low-to-medium-to-high-risk score groups; HTN: 7.8%, 12.3% and 19.8% (P for trend: <0.001), dyslipidaemia: 16.3%, 25.3% and 27.4% (P for trend: <0.001), MS: 10.2%, 22.4% and 30.9% (P for trend: <0.001) and CAD risk: 3.6%, 9.0% and 13.8% (P for trend: <0.001), respectively. BDRS was significantly associated with MS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.92, P < 0.001); dyslipidaemia (OR: 1.30, P = 0.018); and CAD risk (OR: 1.93, P < 0.001). Conclusions: BDRS can be used for identifying MS, dyslipidaemia and CAD risk even among people with NGT.

Keywords

• Bangladeshi population
• cardiometabolic risk
• diabetes risk score