Determining the checkpoint of transition from thin to thick periodontal phenotypes in the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions of South Indian population

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and investigate the tissue thickness at the maxillary and mandibular central incisors utilizing the probe visibility method and traditional way of measuring gingival thickness (GT) by endodontic files. Methodology: In 200 selected patients, the GT was measured at both the maxillary and mandibular anterior using an endodontic file after local infiltration at the mid-distance from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction. The checkpoint of transition from thin to thick periodontal phenotype was determined by probe visibility method in the following age groups: Group A: 21–30 years; Group B: 31–40 years; Group C: 41–50 years; and Group D: 51–60 years. Results: GT varied from 0.3 to 1.9 mm. Gingival translucency was observed up to the thickness of 0.7 mm. At 0.8 mm of GT, there was no probe visibility. Conclusion: According to the present research, the gingiva appears transparent up to a thickness of around 0.7 mm. The checkpoint of transition between thin and thick periodontal phenotypes at both the maxillary and mandibular anterior was associated with a GT of 0.8 mm.

Keywords

• gingiva
• periodontal phenotype
• probe visibility