Use of small scale, low-pressure irrigation in mountainous areas of Morocco

Abstract

In order to improve the use efficiency of available water and increase its productivity at small farm scale in mountainous areas, we have undertaken experimental irrigation trials for some vegetable crops and olive trees using low pressure drip irrigation in TiziN'Test (Taroudant) and Tagnza (Amsekroud) areas. Demonstration plots have been installed and equipped with a low-pressure small-scale irrigation kit consisting of a tank raised 2 m above the plot level. The water tank was connected to irrigation ramps equipped with drippers. Through the gravity effect, the water goes out the orifices of the low-flow drippers to reach the plants roots’ zones. This irrigation system allowedsaving 47% of irrigation water compared to gravity irrigation (in a basin for fruit trees), a significant time and labor saving and a net improvement in the productivity around 51%. Based on this method, each plant receives the quantity of water corresponding to its estimated requirements, when reducing runoff and evaporation. Such method allows also avoiding leaf wetting, which causes leaf diseases, particularly powdery mildew. We should note that the local populations actively participated in the implementation of these experiments. Such participation could help to this low cost technology transfer.

Keywords

• petite irrigation
• basse pression
• rendement
• bénéfice net
• productivité en eau
• valorisation économique de l'eau