Arabian Journal of Chemistry (Jun 2023)

Performance evaluation and assessment of the corrosion inhibition mechanism of carbon steel in HCl medium by a new hydrazone compound: Insights from experimental, DFT and first-principles DFT simulations

  • M. En-Nylly,
  • S. Skal,
  • Y. El aoufir,
  • H. Lgaz,
  • Raihana J. Adnin,
  • Awad A. Alrashdi,
  • A. Bellaouchou,
  • M.R. Al-Hadeethi,
  • O. Benali,
  • T. Guedira,
  • H-S. Lee,
  • S. Kaya,
  • S.M. Ibrahim

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 6
p. 104711

Abstract

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In the present work, a new hydrazone compound, namely N'-[(Z)-(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]-2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetohydrazide, noted HTH, was selected to protect carbon steel against corrosion in 1.0 mol/L HCl. Different chemical, electrochemical, and surface characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscope coupled with X-ray energy dispersion (SEM/EDX) were used to investigate the corrosion inhibition performance. Electrochemical data showed that the effectiveness of the inhibitor improved with increasing concentration, reaching 98% at the optimal concentration of 10-3 mol/L. The results of potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that hydrazone acted as a mixed-type inhibitor. The EIS results showed an increase in polarization resistance accompanied by a noticeable decrease in Ceff,dl values. In the temperature range of 303 K-333 K, hydrazone protected carbon steel by 89%, showing high resistance to temperature effect. The analysis of the steel surface by SEM/EDX confirmed that the effectiveness of the hydrazone was attributed to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of the metal. Quantum chemical calculations revealed insights into the chemical reactivity of the tested hydrazone while first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation supported the experimental conclusions and showed outstanding adsorption ability of HTH on the Fe(110) surface. First-principles DFT simulations showed that the HTH molecule was more stable in a parallel adsorption mode.

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