The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
Contemporaneous X-Ray Observations of 30 Bright Radio Bursts from the Prolific Fast Radio Burst Source FRB 20220912A
- Amanda M. Cook,
- Paul Scholz,
- Aaron B. Pearlman,
- Thomas C. Abbott,
- Marilyn Cruces,
- B. M. Gaensler,
- Fengqiu Adam Dong,
- Daniele Michilli,
- Gwendolyn Eadie,
- Victoria M. Kaspi,
- Ingrid Stairs,
- Chia Min Tan,
- Mohit Bhardwaj,
- Tomas Cassanelli,
- Alice P. Curtin,
- Adaeze L. Ibik,
- Mattias Lazda,
- Kiyoshi W. Masui,
- Ayush Pandhi,
- Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi,
- Mawson W. Sammons,
- Kaitlyn Shin,
- Kendrick Smith,
- David C. Stenning
Affiliations
- Amanda M. Cook
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada ; [email protected]; David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
- Paul Scholz
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada ; [email protected]; David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University , 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, MJ3 1P3, Canada
- Aaron B. Pearlman
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada
- Thomas C. Abbott
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada
- Marilyn Cruces
- ORCiD
- European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany; Joint ALMA Observatory , Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile; Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Centre of Astro-Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
- B. M. Gaensler
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada ; [email protected]; David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California Santa Cruz , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Fengqiu Adam Dong
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Daniele Michilli
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Gwendolyn Eadie
- ORCiD
- David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada; Department of Statistical Science, University of Toronto , Ontario Power Building, 700 University Avenue, 9th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z5, Canada; Data Sciences Institute, University of Toronto , 700 University Avenue, 10th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z5, Canada
- Victoria M. Kaspi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada
- Ingrid Stairs
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Chia Min Tan
- ORCiD
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Mohit Bhardwaj
- ORCiD
- McWilliams Center for Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Tomas Cassanelli
- ORCiD
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile , Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago 8370451, Chile
- Alice P. Curtin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada
- Adaeze L. Ibik
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada ; [email protected]; David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
- Mattias Lazda
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada ; [email protected]; David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
- Kiyoshi W. Masui
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ayush Pandhi
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada ; [email protected]; David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
- Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada
- Mawson W. Sammons
- ORCiD
- Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, Canada
- Kaitlyn Shin
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Kendrick Smith
- ORCiD
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street N, Waterloo, ON, N25 2YL, Canada
- David C. Stenning
- ORCiD
- Department of Statistics & Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6a13
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 974,
no. 2
p. 170
Abstract
We present an extensive contemporaneous X-ray and radio campaign performed on the repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source FRB 20220912A for 8 weeks immediately following the source’s detection by CHIME/FRB. This includes X-ray data from XMM-Newton, NICER, and Swift, and radio detections of FRB 20220912A from CHIME/Pulsar and Effelsberg. We detect no significant X-ray emission at the time of 30 radio bursts with upper limits on a 0.5–10.0 keV X-ray fluence of (1.5–14.5) × 10 ^−10 erg cm ^−2 (99.7% credible interval, unabsorbed) on a timescale of 100 ms. Translated into a fluence ratio η _x/r = F _X-ray / F _radio , this corresponds to η _x/r < 7 × 10 ^6 . For persistent emission from the location of FRB 20220912A, we derive a 99.7% 0.5–10.0 keV isotropic flux limit of 8.8 × 10 ^−15 erg cm ^−2 s ^−1 (unabsorbed) or an isotropic luminosity limit of 1.4 × 10 ^41 erg s ^−1 at a distance of 362.4 Mpc. We derive a hierarchical extension to the standard Bayesian treatment of low-count and background-contaminated X-ray data, which allows the robust combination of multiple observations. This methodology allows us to place the best (lowest) 99.7% credible interval upper limit on an FRB η _x/r to date, η _x/r < 2 × 10 ^6 , assuming that all 30 detected radio bursts are associated with X-ray bursts with the same fluence ratio. If we instead adopt an X-ray spectrum similar to the X-ray burst observed contemporaneously with FRB-like emission from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 detected on 2020 April 28, we derive a 99.7% credible interval upper limit on η _x/r of 8 × 10 ^5 , which is only 3 times the observed value of η _x/r for SGR 1935+2154.
Keywords
