The Bioprospecting of <i>Bixa orellana</i> L. for the Selection of Characters with Biological Activity
Luz A. Guerrero-Lagunes,
Lucero M. Ruiz-Posadas,
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez,
Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández,
Carlos H. Avendaño-Arrazate,
Juan F. Aguirre-Medina,
Celeste Soto-Mendoza,
Juan F. Aguirre-Cadena
Affiliations
Luz A. Guerrero-Lagunes
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo. Km. 36.5 Carretera Federal México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico
Lucero M. Ruiz-Posadas
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo. Km. 36.5 Carretera Federal México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales, Iturbide 73, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí 78600, Mexico
Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo. Km. 36.5 Carretera Federal México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico
Carlos H. Avendaño-Arrazate
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Blvd. de la Biodiversidad #400 Rancho las Cruces Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco 47600, Mexico
Juan F. Aguirre-Medina
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences—Campus IV, Autonomous University of Chiapas, Junction of the Coastal Highway and the Town of Huehuetán, Chiapas 30660, Mexico
Celeste Soto-Mendoza
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo. Km. 36.5 Carretera Federal México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico
Juan F. Aguirre-Cadena
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences—Campus IV, Autonomous University of Chiapas, Junction of the Coastal Highway and the Town of Huehuetán, Chiapas 30660, Mexico
A meta-analysis of 28 sources of information was conducted, considering different variables in Bixa orellana, with the aim of identifying bioprospective variables. Variables were approached, such as the organ of extraction and extraction method, with 63 biochemical classes and 20 for biological activity, and their states were codified. The statistical analysis was developed through a cladistics analysis using the WinClada version1.00.08 84,85 software and the explicative accumulated variance was determined through a descriptive multivariate analysis and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). The tree obtained showed the phenotype Africa1 as the one closest to the basal state. After Africa1, nine clades are derived and the phenotypes Colombia3 and Colombia5 were the most evolved. The analyses demonstrated that in B. orellana L., the phenotypes from India, Brazil, and Yucatán present anticancer activity against the cell lines U251, MCF-7, HeLa, NCI-H460, PC-3, A549 and HT-29, as well as biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, related primarily with biochemical compounds such as geranylgeraniol, ellagic acid, and carotenoids (bixin and norbixin), naringenin and alkaloids. The conditions of reproductive isolation of the phenotypes mentioned before providing the ideal agroclimatic conditions to produce compounds with biological activity.
