Peptide-Based Vaccines in Clinical Phases and New Potential Therapeutic Targets as a New Approach for Breast Cancer: A Review
María Lilia Nicolás-Morales,
Arianna Luisa-Sanjuan,
Mayralina Gutiérrez-Torres,
Amalia Vences-Velázquez,
Carlos Ortuño-Pineda,
Mónica Espinoza-Rojo,
Napoleón Navarro-Tito,
Karen Cortés-Sarabia
Affiliations
María Lilia Nicolás-Morales
Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Arianna Luisa-Sanjuan
Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Mayralina Gutiérrez-Torres
Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Amalia Vences-Velázquez
Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
Laboratorio de Ácidos Nucleicos y Proteínas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Mónica Espinoza-Rojo
Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Napoleón Navarro-Tito
Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Karen Cortés-Sarabia
Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Diagnóstico Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39090, Mexico
Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women from 20 to 59 years old. The conventional treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy. This immunotherapy is based on administering monoclonal therapeutic antibodies (passive) or vaccines (active) with therapeutic purposes. Several types of vaccines could be used as potential treatments for cancer, including whole-cell, DNA, RNA, and peptide-based vaccines. Peptides used to develop vaccines are derived from tumor-associated antigens or tumor-specific antigens, such as HER-2, MUC1, ErbB2, CEA, FRα, MAGE A1, A3, and A10, NY-ESO-1, among others. Peptide-based vaccines provide some advantages, such as low cost, purity of the antigen, and the induction of humoral and cellular immune response. In this review, we explore the different types of vaccines against breast cancer with a specific focus on the description of peptide-based vaccines, their composition, immune response induction, and the description of new potential therapeutic targets.
