International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Jul 2024)

Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of Pathogenic <i>KIAA0586</i> Variants: From Joubert Syndrome to Hydrolethalus Syndrome

  • Desirée Deconte,
  • Bruna Lixinski Diniz,
  • Jéssica K. Hartmann,
  • Mateus A. de Souza,
  • Laira F. F. Zottis,
  • Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen,
  • Rafael F. M. Rosa,
  • Marilu Fiegenbaum

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147900
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 25, no. 14
p. 7900

Abstract

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KIAA0586 variants have been associated with a wide range of ciliopathies, mainly Joubert syndrome (JS, OMIM #616490) and short-rib thoracic dysplasia syndrome (SRTD, OMIM #616546). However, the hypothesis that this gene is involved with hydrolethalus syndrome (HSL, OMIM #614120) and orofaciodigital syndrome IV (OMIM #258860) has already been raised. Ciliopathies’ clinical features are often overlapped despite differing in phenotype severity. Besides KIAA0586, HYLS1 and KIF7 are also known for being causative of ciliopathies, indicating that all three genes may have similar or converging genomic pathways. Overall, the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of ciliopathies becomes wider and conflicting while more and more new variants are added to this group of disorders’ molecular pot. In this case report we discuss the first Brazilian individual clinically diagnosed with hydrolethalus syndrome and molecular findings that demonstrate the role of KIAA0586 as a causative gene of a group of genetic disorders. Also, recent reports on individuals with intronic and exonic variants combined leading to ciliopathies support our patient’s molecular diagnosis. At the same time, we discuss variable expressivity and overlapping features in ciliopathies.

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