HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection: From Population Study Evidence to In Vitro Studies
Chiara Stefani,
Tobia Fantoni,
Michele Bissoli,
Jordan Thomas,
Alessandra Ruggiero
Affiliations
Chiara Stefani
Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
Tobia Fantoni
Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
Michele Bissoli
Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
Jordan Thomas
Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
Alessandra Ruggiero
Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused two major viral outbreaks during the last century. Two major aspects of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection have been extensively investigated and deserve attention. First, the impact of the co-infection on the progression of disease caused by HIV-1 or SARS-CoV-2. Second, the impact of the HIV-1 anti-retroviral treatment on SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the works produced since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic ranging from clinical studies to in vitro experiments in the context of co-infection and drug development.
