Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice

Abstract

Background: Studies have reported that the phytochemical content of Mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) is influenced by the area where it grows. On the other hand, the study of the bioactivity and toxicity of mulberry leaves from Brunei Darussalam still needs to be completed. In particular, the investigation regarding the safe dose for Mulberry's application from Brunei Darussalam has yet to be studied. Hence, toxicity information must be considered even though the community has used it for generations. Aim: This study investigated Morus alba ethanolic leaf extract (MAE) to observe the acute toxicity in mice. Methods: In particular, this study utilised twelve female ICR mice, eight weeks old, divided into two groups: the control group and the MAE group (2000 mg/kg single dose). Physiology, haematology; biochemistry; and histology were analysed during the study. Results: The examination result indicated no mortality and behavioural changes throughout the testing period. However, the mice developed mild anaemia and leukopenia, followed by decreased numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. In addition, the mice developed a mild hepatocellular injury, indicated by significant (P0.05). Conclusion: It was evident that single oral administration of MAE was not lethal for mice (LD50, which was higher than 2000 mg/kg). However, the administration of high doses of MAE must be carefully considered. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(3.000): 750-758]

Keywords

• morus alba
• acute toxicity
• haematology
• biochemistry
• histopathology