Vascular Anastomoses and Dissection: A Six-Part Simulation Curriculum for Surgical Residents

Abstract

Introduction As surgical technologies grow, so too do demands on surgical trainees to master increasing numbers of skill sets. With the rise of endovascular surgery, trainees have fewer opportunities to practice open vascular techniques in the operating room. Simulation can bridge this gap. However, existing published open vascular simulation curricula are basic or based on expensive models. Methods We iteratively developed an open vascular skills curriculum for second-year surgery residents comprising six 2-hour sessions. We refined the curriculum based on feedback from learners and faculty. The curriculum required skilled facilitators, vascular instruments, and tissue models. We evaluated the latest iteration with a survey and by assessing participants’ technical skills using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) form. Results Over the past 10 years, 101 residents have participated in the curriculum. Nine of 13 residents who participated in the latest curricular iteration completed the survey. All respondents rated the sessions as excellent and strongly agreed that they had improved their abilities to perform anastomoses with tissue and prosthetic. Facilitators completed 18 OSATS forms for residents in the fifth and sixth sessions of the latest iteration. Residents scored well overall, with a median 26.5 (interquartile range: 24–29) out of a possible score of 35, with highest scores on knowledge of instruments. Discussion This simulation-based curriculum facilitates open vascular surgical skill acquisition among surgery residents. The curriculum allows residents to acquire critical vascular skills that are challenging to learn in an increasingly demanding operative setting.

Keywords

• Open Vascular Skills
• Surgical Simulation
• Deliberate Practice
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Clinical/Procedural Skills Training
• Simulation