Improvement of Grain Quality Traits in Bread Wheat Genotypes Through Mutation Breeding Using Gamma Irradiation

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine changes for some quality characters in M2, M3 and M4 mutated populations of three bread wheat genotypes irradiated by different gamma rays. The results showed that the genotypes significantly and variably differed in their response for various traits at different gamma rays doses in M2, M3, and M4 populations. The shifts per see from the controls for examined quality characters such as thousand-grain weight (TGW), test weight (TW), wet gluten content (GC), gluten index (GI), Zeleny sedimentation value (ZSV), and protein content (PC) in mutant populations were significant according to t-test analysis. The results showed that desired variations could be obtained for quality traits in M2, M3, and M4 generations with different doses of gamma irradiation depending on bread wheat genotypes. Although the shifts per see from the controls for ZSV, GC, and PC were significant, TGW, GI, and TW showed an unchanged or slightly negative response in the M2, M3, and M4 generations. It can be generally said that it may be more appropriate to perform selection after M4 generation for seed quality traits in mutant populations. Although the effect of mutagen doses varies depending on the character, genotype, and mutagenesis generation examined, it can be said that the most appropriategamma-rayy doses are 300 and 200 Gy doses because of causing significant shifts per see from the controls.

Keywords

• gamma-ray
• mutant population
• quality
• triticum aestivum l.