Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of <i>Lonicera japonica</i> and <i>Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium</i> Polyphenolic Extract (LCPE)
Se Hyo Jeong,
Min Yeong Park,
Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale,
Abuyaseer Abusaliya,
Chung Kil Won,
Kwang Il Park,
Eunhye Kim,
Jeong Doo Heo,
Hyun Wook Kim,
Meejung Ahn,
Je Kyung Seong,
Hun Hwan Kim,
Gon Sup Kim
Affiliations
Se Hyo Jeong
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Min Yeong Park
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Abuyaseer Abusaliya
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Chung Kil Won
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Kwang Il Park
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Eunhye Kim
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Jeong Doo Heo
Biological Resources Research Group, Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea
Hyun Wook Kim
Division of Animal Bioscience & Intergrated Biotechnology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
Meejung Ahn
Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea
Je Kyung Seong
Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Hun Hwan Kim
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Gon Sup Kim
Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
Dermatitis is an inflammatory condition of the outer layer of the skin that causes itching, blisters, redness, swelling, and often exudation, scabs, and peeling. Among them, purulent inflammation is a symptom that often occurs on the skin and appears in the form of boils and acne. Various studies are being conducted to treat these inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, Lonicera japonica and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Polyphenolic Extract (LCPE), which uses herbal preparations such as Lonicera japonica, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, has been used to suppress inflammation since ancient times, and its anti-inflammatory effect can be observed in skin keratinocytes after inducing inflammation. In this study, the major polyphenolic compounds in LCPE were quantitatively determined by analyzing the data through peak values using high-performance chromatography (HPLC-MS/MS) coupled with mass spectrometry. Additionally, bioactive compounds targeting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were analyzed by ultrafiltration integrated with LC. Several compounds with the most significant effects were selected (chlorogenic acid, narirutin, and isorhamnetin). Skin keratinocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were treated with LCPE to show its anti-inflammatory effects. After LCPE treatment, inflammation-mediating cytokines such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were decreased. In addition, nuclear factor kappa (NF-кB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were inhibited in important pathways related to inflammation. Lastly, molecular modeling was performed to determine binding scores with inflammation-related proteins using molecular docking for the selected compounds. According to these results, LCPE is effective in treating keratinocytes induced by LPS and reducing inflammation and has potential antioxidant effects, and the polyphenol components have been identified.
