Zhongguo quanke yixue (Dec 2024)
The Usage of Smoking Cessation Related Behavior Change Techniques by Medical Staff in Smoking Cessation Clinics in China and Its Relationship with the Success Rate of Smoking Cessation
Abstract
Background Smoking cessation related behavior change techniques (BCTs) are defined as interventions that can change smokers' smoking behavior. At present, there are no studies to explore the current status of BCTs usage among outpatient healthcare workers for smoking cessation in China. Objective The current study aims to describe the frequency and perceived effect of medical staff using BCTs in smoking cessation clinics, and to investigate the association between the usage of BCTs by medical staff and successful quitting rate among smokers in smoking cessation clinics. Methods From February 2022 to March 2023, online questionnaire was distributed to medical staff in smoking cessation clinics in China through "WJX" to evaluate the frequency and perceived effect of 44 smoking cessation BCTs used, the success rate of smoking cessation, as well as the demographic characteristics such as age and gender. The hierarchical linear regression model and simple slope analysis were utilized to explore the factors affecting the success rate of quitting in smoking cessation clinics and to examine the interaction between frequency and perceived effect of BCTs used for promoting smoking cessation. Results Two-hundred and eighty-five healthcare professionals who had experience in smoking cessation clinics over one year were included in this study. On average, it is reported that healthcare professionals have used (29±13) smoking cessation related BCTs. The perceived average score for effectiveness of BCTs used was (3.15±0.96). The self-reported average success rate of smoking cessation was (37.0±24.3) %. There were statistically significant differences in the number of BCTs used and the perceived effect of medical staff with different highest education level and whether tracking smoking cessation rate of smokers (P<0.05). There were also statistically significant differences in the smoking cessation rate among medical staff with different years of working in smoking cessation clinics, position in the hospital and whether tracking smoking cessation rate (P<0.05). The hierarchical linear regression showed that after controlling for three variables, including the years of working in the clinics, the position of the clinic staff, and whether tracking smoking cessation rates of smokers, the perceived effect of BCTs used could positively predict the success rate of smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic [b (95%CI) =10.070 (7.066-13.075), P<0.05]. While the number of BCTs used was not a significant factor in the success rate of smoking cessation (P>0.05). When the interaction item of BCTs used × effect perception was further included, the explanatory of the model for the success rate of smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic increased by 2.2%, and the perceived effect of BCTs [b (95%CI) =11.711 (8.548-14.874), P<0.05], the number of BCTs used × effect perception had a positive predictive effect on the success rate of smoking cessation [b (95%CI) =2.921 (0.958-4.884), P<0.05] . Conclusion The use of quitting BCTs had a significant impact on the rate of successful smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic, and the number of BCTs used and the perceived effect had a significant interaction effect on the success rate of smoking cessation. In the future, it is necessary to improve the training program of smoking cessation practices, and accelerate the transformation and implementation of smoking cessation related BCTs so as to help more smokers to quit smoking successfully.
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