Research Progress on Molecular Subtyping and Modern Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Abstract

Ling Tong,1,2,* Xiangling Yu,1,* Shan Wang,1,2 Ling Chen,2 Yibo Wu1 1Human Reproductive and Genetic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ling Chen, Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected] Yibo Wu, Human Reproductive and Genetic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Breast cancer has become the most common malignant tumor worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that is negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Compared with other molecular subtypes of breast cancer, TNBC is the most aggressive and highly heterogeneous. TNBC is insensitive to endocrine and anti-HER2 therapy, and chemotherapy is currently the main systemic treatment. With the continuous development of detection techniques and deepening research on TNBC molecular subtypes, drugs targeting immune checkpoints and different targets have emerged, such as atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP-2), and antibody-drug conjugates. These therapies provide new hope for TNBC treatment. Based on the analysis and classification of TNBC, this article summarizes the immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and new treatment combinations, providing references for the precise treatment of TNBC in the future.Keywords: triple-negative breast cancer, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, precision therapy

Keywords

• triple-negative breast cancer，immunotherapy，targeted therapy，precision therapy