Characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 patients with pulmonary disorders: A single‐center, retrospective observational study

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Mortality rates and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) vary significantly. Objectives To describe the data of patients with pulmonary comorbidities who were admitted to the ICU with COVID‐19 in Qatar in terms of demographic characteristics, coexisting conditions, imaging findings, and outcomes. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of the outcomes with regard to mortality and requirement of invasive ventilation, demographic characteristics, coexisting conditions, secondary infections, and imaging findings for critical care patients with COVID‐19 in Qatar who had pulmonary comorbidities between March and June 2020. Results A total of 923 patients were included, 29 (3.14%) were found to have pulmonary disease. All these 29 patients' respiratory disease was noted to be asthma. Among these, three patients (10.3%) died in the ICU within 28 days of ICU admission. They were all above 50 years old. Nineteen (66%) patients required intubation and mechanical ventilation. Twenty‐one (72.4%) patients were males. The most common comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (55.1%) and hypertension (62%). Eighteen (62%) patients developed secondary infections in the ICU. Five (17.24%) patients developed renal impairment. Twenty (69%) patients received tocilizumab as part of their COVID‐19 management, and out of these 16 (80%) patients developed a coinfection. Conclusion Patients with pulmonary disorders had higher mortality rates than other patients admitted to ICU during the same time frame with similar comorbidities; these patients require extra consideration and care to avoid disease progression and death.

Keywords

• asthma
• coinfection
• COVID‐19
• lung disease