Овощи России (Mar 2022)
Creation of parthenocarpic lines of smooth and short type of cucumber
Abstract
Relevance. Obtaining modern cucumber hybrids is impossible without the constant involvement of genetically new sources in the breeding process. One of the most important tasks in the issue of creating new heterotic cucumber hybrids is to obtain, and in the future, selection for hybrid crossings, parental lines with the most important economically valuable traits. Research is aimed at obtaining new short-fruited cucumber lines with a smooth type of fruit in order to obtain hybrids with their help that combine resistance to powdery mildew for the “pm” and “pmh” genes, tolerance to the zucchini yellow mosaic virus for the “zymv” genes in combined with high yields, the possibility of growing them not only in unheated film greenhouses, but also in glazed greenhouses.Methods. This article presents two schemes for obtaining parental forms using the example of creating four cucumber lines with a short, smooth fruit. Their comparative characteristics and description of new hybrids created with the participation of the studied linear material are carried out. Materials and methods. The main studies were carried out in 2013-2020 on the basis of the Pumpkin Cultures Laboratory of the Krymsk Breeding Center "Gavrish" of the Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding (Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory). The research material is F1 hybrids and selection samples of parthenocarpic cucumber with a smooth type of fruit of various origins (34 samples in total) from the NIISOK collection. The work used traditional methods for assessing selection-significant traits and modern methods of molecular labeling. The purpose of the work is to compare two schemes for obtaining short-fruited cucumber forms, to evaluate the created lines and hybrid combinations with their participation in terms of a complex of economically valuable traits.Results. The result of the work was the creation of new hybrid combinations based on the obtained lines, two of which are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. These are F1 Ministar (F1 1600/16) and F1 Promini (F1 1995/16).
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