Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To determine the correlation of plasma glucose levels with lipid profile in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Study Design: Case control study. Place & Duration of study: This study was conducted in Army Medical College Rawalpindi from 11 November 2014 to 11 November 2015. Materials & Methods: The number of participants comprised in the study was 120. The study population was divided into two groups A & B. 60 individuals were placed in each group. Group A comprised of Type 2 diabetics and group B were healthy controls with no major illness. The patients were recruited from the Military Hospital's medical wards and Endocrinology outpatient department. The participants' blood samples were analyzed for Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile (Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL-Cholesterol and HDL-Cholesterol).Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by measuring the height and weight of men & women based on body fat. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: FPG was (11.23±3.65 in diabetics vs 4.35±0.68 in controls), HbA1c was (6.84±0.482 vs 5.31±0.487).Serum total cholesterol was (4.68±0.96 vs 3.99±1.01 p<0.001), triglycerides (TG) were (2.42±1.22 vs 1.56±0.87 p<0.001) and LDL-Cholesterol was (2.46±0.77 vs 2.17±0.72 p<0.05). These parameters were significantly raised then the controls. Whereas HDL-Cholesterol in the diabetics were relatively lower than the controls (1.04±0.224 vs 1.21±0.222 p<0.001). The diabetics Body mass index (BMI) was also significantly more than the controls (28.57±1.97 vs 24.46±2.32 p<0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that serum FPG, HbA1c, Total Cholesterol, TG and LDL-Cholesterol are significantly increased in T2DM while HDL-Cholesterol levels are decreased significantly which might be the reason for high coronary heart diseases incidence in T2DM.

Keywords

• type2 diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,total cholesterol,triglycerides,ldl-cholesterol and hdlcholesterol