Clinical implications of trichomonads detected in bronchoalveolar fluid by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a multicenter retrospective study

Juan Jiang; Juan Jiang; Juan Jiang; Juan Jiang; Yuanyuan Li; Yuanyuan Li; Yuanyuan Li; Yuanyuan Li; Qiong Wang; Huihui Zeng; Wei Yang; Wei Yang; Wei Yang; Wei Yang; Yanhao Wu; Yanhao Wu; Yanhao Wu; Yanhao Wu; Wenzhong Peng; Wenzhong Peng; Wenzhong Peng; Wenzhong Peng; Pinhua Pan; Pinhua Pan; Pinhua Pan; Pinhua Pan; Chengping Hu; Chengping Hu; Chengping Hu; Chengping Hu; Pengbo Deng; Pengbo Deng; Pengbo Deng; Pengbo Deng

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1289231

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (Jan 2024)

Clinical implications of trichomonads detected in bronchoalveolar fluid by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a multicenter retrospective study

Juan Jiang,
Juan Jiang,
Juan Jiang,
Juan Jiang,
Yuanyuan Li,
Yuanyuan Li,
Yuanyuan Li,
Yuanyuan Li,
Qiong Wang,
Huihui Zeng,
Wei Yang,
Wei Yang,
Wei Yang,
Wei Yang,
Yanhao Wu,
Yanhao Wu,
Yanhao Wu,
Yanhao Wu,
Wenzhong Peng,
Wenzhong Peng,
Wenzhong Peng,
Wenzhong Peng,
Pinhua Pan,
Pinhua Pan,
Pinhua Pan,
Pinhua Pan,
Chengping Hu,
Chengping Hu,
Chengping Hu,
Chengping Hu,
Pengbo Deng,
Pengbo Deng,
Pengbo Deng,
Pengbo Deng

Affiliations

Juan Jiang: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Juan Jiang: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Juan Jiang: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Juan Jiang: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Yuanyuan Li: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Yuanyuan Li: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Yuanyuan Li: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Yuanyuan Li: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Qiong Wang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuzhou Second Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
Huihui Zeng: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Wei Yang: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Wei Yang: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Wei Yang: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Wei Yang: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Yanhao Wu: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Yanhao Wu: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Yanhao Wu: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Yanhao Wu: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Wenzhong Peng: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Wenzhong Peng: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Wenzhong Peng: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Wenzhong Peng: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Pinhua Pan: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Pinhua Pan: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Pinhua Pan: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Pinhua Pan: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Chengping Hu: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Chengping Hu: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Chengping Hu: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Chengping Hu: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
Pengbo Deng: Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Pengbo Deng: Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Pengbo Deng: Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
Pengbo Deng: Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1289231
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14

Abstract

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BackgroundPulmonary trichomoniasis is considered a neglected disease due to failures in recognizing it, stemming from insensitive microbial methods and a lack of specific clinical features. This study aims to analyze the clinical implications of trichomonads detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study included patients diagnosed with pneumonia, admitted to three tertiary hospitals in China from July 2018 to September 2022, with trichomonads detected in BALF through mNGS. The analysis covered demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, laboratory findings, mNGS results, clinical treatment, and outcomes of these patients.ResultsA total of 17 patients were enrolled, comprising 14 males and 3 females. Trichomonas tenax and Trichomonas vaginalis were detected by mNGS in BALF samples of 15 and 2 patients, respectively. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence of risk factors for trichomonad infection, including immunocompromised conditions, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, oral/periodontal diseases, and aspiration. Among 11 patients with risk factors (Case 1-11), 4 received nitromidazoles as part of comprehensive treatment, achieving a 100% treatment success rate. The remaining 7 patients, who did not receive nitromidazoles, had only one achieving relief after broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy, resulting in a 14.3% treatment success rate. For the 6 patients without any risk factors for trichomonad infection (Case 12-17), none received nitromidazoles during hospitalization. However, 4 out of these 6 patients (66.7%) eventually recovered.ConclusionmNGS proves to be an efficient tool for detecting trichomonads in BALF samples. Comprehensive analysis of clinical features and laboratory indicators is essential to distinguish between infection and colonization of trichomonads. Pulmonary trichomoniasis should not be overlooked when trichomonads are detected in BALF from patients with risk factors.

Published in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

ISSN: 2235-2988 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Microbiology
Website: http://www.frontiersin.org/Cellular-and-Infection-Microbiology

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