<i>nor</i> 3′-Demethoxyisoguaiacin from <i>Larrea tridentata</i> Is a Potential Alternative against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Associated with Bovine Mastitis
Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo,
Manases Gonzalez-Cortazar,
Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida,
Martín A. Meza-Nieto,
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza,
Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh,
Gaber El-Saber Batiha,
Nallely Rivero-Perez
Affiliations
Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo
Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad Km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Manases Gonzalez-Cortazar
Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1. Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico
Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad Km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Martín A. Meza-Nieto
Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad Km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, Toluca 50200, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh
Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
Nallely Rivero-Perez
Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad Km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Bovine mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy cows, and it causes significant economic losses in dairy industries worldwide. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can cause bovine mastitis, and many of them have developed antimicrobial resistance. There is an urgent need for novel therapeutic options to treat the disease. Larrea tridentata-derived compounds represent an important potential alternative treatment. The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize antibacterial compounds from Larrea tridentata against multidrug-resistant bacteria associated with bovine mastitis. The L. tridentata hydroalcoholic extract (LTHE) exhibited antibacterial activity. The extract was subjected to a bipartition, giving an aqueous fraction (moderate antibacterial activity) and an organic fraction (higher antibacterial activity). Chromatographic separation of the organic fraction enabled us to obtain four active sub-fractions. Chemical analyses through HPLC techniques were conducted for the LTHE, fractions, and sub-fraction Ltc1-F3, from which we isolated two compounds, characterized by 1H and 13C NMR analyses. Compound nor-3 demethoxyisoguaiacin exhibited the best antibacterial activity against the evaluated bacteria (MIC: 0.01–3.12 mg/mL; MBC: 0.02–3.12 mg/mL). The results indicated that nor-3 demethoxyisoguaiacin can be used as an alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant bacteria associated with mastitis.
