Planting depth - effective agricultural practice perventing lodging of seedstalks of onion seeds

Abstract

At the breeding site of the winter onion variety Ellan, the effect of the planting depth of mother bulbs of two fractions on lodging of stems and seed productivity was studied. It was found that in winter, with the depth of planting the bulbs in the soil horizon, the processes of differentiation and the formation of microstalks noticeably slow down, and the biochemical composition of the bulbs shows a decrease in the activity of metabolic processes. Thanks to this and the buffering properties of the soil, the safety of plants in winter is very high when planted to a depth of 15 cm. Deeper planting has a negative effect on the growth of leaves. At a planting depth of 15-20 cm, the stems remain upright due to the soil layer. The angle of inclination of 82 ... 86% of the stems is not more than 450 and occupies no more than 50 cm of the width of the projection of the row. When planted to a depth of 10 cm, the stems crumble, agronomic measures, the phytosanitary state of seed production and harvesting are hampered. It was found that the effect of bulb size on seed productivity of one stem is 42%. The increase in planting for the yield of one plant and the yield is 44 ... 45%. When setting seed onions, it is recommended to plant uterine bulbs to a depth of 15 cm. This planting depth ensures the maximum safety of the bulbs in winter, excludes lodging of the stems and the maximum possible seed yield. There is no need for additional hilling or tying of the stems, as with a planting depth of 10 cm.