Nanocochleates: Revolutionizing lipid-based drug delivery with enhanced bioavailability, a review

Abstract

Recently, lipid-based nanocarriers have drawn attention as a drug delivery system for numerous illnesses. One novel lipid-based technique is nanocochleate, which is very useful for encapsulating or entrapping the hydrophobic and hydrophilic biological molecules of great importance. This technique helps to protect the entrapped materials from adverse conditions. They have a cylindrical (cigar-like) microstructure in which desired drug substances are trapped, consisting of a lipid bilayer series. Nanocochleates are primarily made up of negatively charged lipids and a divalent cation. They can be formulated using various techniques to ensure the delivery of different active constituents for multiple applications. In addition, nanocochleates enhance the bioavailability of drugs with poor water solubility. Nanocochleates have overcome many disadvantages of other drug delivery systems and have few drawbacks. Because of their exclusive properties and structure, they are the best candidates for oral and systemic drug administration, making them ideal for pharmaceutical preparations. Drug delivery using nanocochleates has previously been used for fungal infections, vaccines, and genes. Recently, nanocochleates have been used to treat several serious, life-threatening illnesses for which conventional therapy falls short. When it comes to drug delivery, nanocochleates may be a better option than other lipid-based methods. This review highlights the fundamentals of nanocochleates, their current status, emerging trends, and potential future applications, underscoring their significance in advancing drug delivery technology and overcoming existing challenges while exploring novel therapeutic avenues.

Keywords

• Lipid-based technology
• Oral bioavailability
• Nanotechnology
• Cochleates
• Nanodelivery
• Liposome