Short-axis cine cardiac magnetic resonance images-derived radiomics for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and healthy control classification

Abstract

Objective·To analyze the differences and classify hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients and healthy controls (HC) using short-axis cine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images-derived radiomics features.Methods·One hundred HCM subjects were included, and fifty HC were randomly selected at 2∶1 ratio during January 2018 to December 2021 in the Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The CMR examinations were performed by experienced radiologists on these subjects. CVI 42 post-processing software was used to obtain left ventricular morphology and function measurements, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular end-diastolic mass (LVEDM). The 3D radiomic features of the end-diastolic myocardial region were extracted from short-axis images CMR cine. The distribution of the radiomic features in the two groups was analysed and machine learning models were constructed to classify the two groups.Results·One hundred and seven 3D radiomic features were selected and extracted. After exclusion of highly correlated features, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used, and a 5-fold cross-validation was performed. There were still 11 characteristics with non-zero coefficients. The K-best method was used to decide the top 8 features for subsequent analysis. Among them, four features were significantly different between the two groups (all P<0.05). Support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) models were constructed to discriminate the two groups. The results showed that the maximum area under the curve (AUC) for the single-feature model (first order grayscale: entropy) was 0.833 (95%CI 0.685‒0.968) and the maximum accuracy for the multi-feature model was 83.3% with an AUC of 0.882 (95%CI 0.705‒0.980).Conclusion·There are significant differences in both left ventricular function and left ventricular morphology between HCM and HC. The 3D myocardial radiomic features of the two groups are also significantly different. Although single feature is able to distinguish the two groups, the combination of multi-features show better classification performance.

Keywords

• cardiac magnetic resonance (cmr)
• radiomics
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (hcm)
• cine sequence
• short-axis image