Vial coring and fragmentation incidence after angled penetration of rubber stoppers with single-use hypodermic needles

Abstract

Particles due to fragmentation present a clear risk to the patient. Reported fragmentation rates vary, and an insertion angle at 45°, as opposed to 90°, has been proposed as a mitigation strategy. So, this study evaluated the fragmentation rates induced by single-use hypodermic needles using different angled penetration techniques.

Keywords

• container closure systems
• coring
• fragmentation
• parenteral drug products
• patient safety
• rubber stoppers