Relationships among Anxiety and Depression Levels with Sleep Quality and Insomnia Severity in Geriatric Patients with Depression

Abstract

INTRODUCTION[|]The prevalence of sleep problems increases with age. Both anxiety and depression symptoms can cause certain changes in sleep architecture. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of anxiety and depression levels with sleep quality and insomnia severity in geriatric patients with depression and concomitant anxiety symptoms.[¤]METHODS[|]Fifty-three patients aged 60 and over were included in the study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were applied to the patients. [¤]RESULTS[|]There was a positive and statistically significant relationships between the total GDS score and the mean PSQI Subjective sleep quality and Sleep latency scores, as well as between BAI and PSQI Subjective sleep quality, Sleep latency, Sleep disturbance, Daytime dysfunction and global PSQI score (p=0.018; p=0.006; p=0.043; p=0.009; p=0.012; p=0.045; p=0.049, respectively). There was positive and statistically significant relationships between total GDS, total ISI and ISI subscale scores, and there was positive and statistically significant relationships between BAI scores, total ISI, and ISI subscale scores (p=0.002; p=0.002; p=0.001; p=0.006, respectively). [¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]This study showed that sleep disorders were closely associated with anxiety and depression levels in the geriatric patients with depression. The deterioration in sleep quality and the increase in insomnia severity associated with the aging process may increase the incidence of new depressive disorders, while current anxiety and depression symptoms may cause sleep disorders.[¤]

Keywords

• anxiety
• depression; geriatric patient; sleep quality; insomnia severity.